{"id":9336,"date":"2021-01-05T02:32:31","date_gmt":"2021-01-05T07:32:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/local.brightwhiz\/?p=9336"},"modified":"2022-10-24T20:34:13","modified_gmt":"2022-10-25T00:34:13","slug":"list-users-groups-ubuntu-20-04","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/local.brightwhiz\/list-users-groups-ubuntu-20-04\/","title":{"rendered":"How to List a User&#8217;s Groups on Ubuntu Linux Systems"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Ubuntu like any operating system consists of users. On Linux-based Operating Systems users are parts of a group that segregates certain permissions to do certain things. There may be cases where you would want to list a user&#8217;s groups in <a href=\"http:\/\/local.brightwhiz\/tag\/ubuntu\">Ubuntu<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here is a breakdown of the users and groups in Ubuntu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>User:<\/strong> A user who has an account must belong to one primary group. Usually, the user&#8217;s primary group is also named after the user account name.<\/li><li><strong>Primary Group:<\/strong> This group is created at the same time the user account is created and the user is automatically added to it. By default, files created by the user automatically belong to the user group.<\/li><li><strong>Secondary Group:<\/strong> These are other groups that are there to give users access to other resources that they don&#8217;t already have access to. A user can belong to zero or more secondary groups as needed.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Generally, the primary user&#8217;s group is stored in the <strong><em>\/etc\/passwd<\/em><\/strong> file while the secondary groups, if any, are listed in the <em><strong>\/etc\/group<\/strong><\/em> file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We can get started by listing all the groups the current user belongs to using the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-bash\">$ groups<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This should output all the groups that the user belongs to.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-bash\">Output\njohn sudo www-data lxd<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You can list a specific user&#8217;s groups in Ubuntu by specifying the user as shown here:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-bash\">$ groups john<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ groups john<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here is the Output:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-bash\">Output\njohn : john sudo www-data lxd<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">List User&#8217;s Groups Ubuntu Using id Command<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>You can get more detailed group information about a specific user using the id command. The id command will show the username (uid), the user&#8217;s primary group (gid), and the user&#8217;s secondary groups (groups).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-bash\">$ id john<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Here is the expected output.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-bash\">Output\nuid=1000(john) gid=1000(john) groups=1000(richard),27(sudo),33(www-data),110(lxd)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bonus Tips<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>You can also list a specific group&#8217;s membership using the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-bash\">$ getent group www-data<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Here is the expected output<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-bash\">Output\nwww-data:x:33:john,user2,user3,user4<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Listing All Groups<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>You can list all the groups on Ubuntu using the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-bash\">$ less \/etc\/group<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This would be the expected output:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-bash\">Output\nroot:x:0:\ndaemon:x:1:\nbin:x:2:\nsys:x:3:\nadm:x:4:syslog\ntty:x:5:\ndisk:x:6:\nlp:x:7:\nmail:x:8:\nnews:x:9:\nuucp:x:10:\nman:x:12:\nproxy:x:13:\nkmem:x:15:\ndialout:x:20:\nfax:x:21:\nvoice:x:22:\ncdrom:x:24:\nfloppy:x:25:\ntape:x:26:\nsudo:x:27:john\naudio:x:29:\ndip:x:30:\nwww-data:x:33:john,user2,user3,user4\n...<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>That&#8217;s all for now, you should now know how to list a user&#8217;s groups on Ubuntu 20.04, 18.04 and older versions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ubuntu like any operating system consists of users. On Linux-based Operating Systems users are parts of a group that segregates certain permissions to do certain things. There may be cases&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9337,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,23,9,16,18],"tags":[183,193,354,424,531,573,598],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to List a User&#039;s Groups on Ubuntu Linux Systems<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This how-to guide shows you how to list a specific user&#039;s groups on Ubuntu Linux systems with usage examples\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/local.brightwhiz\/list-users-groups-ubuntu-20-04\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to List a 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